Prospective evalution of pregnant women with suspected acute toxoplasmosis treated in a reference prenatal care clinic at a university teaching hospital in Southern Brazil.

Infection by the protozoan Toxoplasma gondii during pregnancy demands greater attention from the health authorities due to the risk of placental transmission, which can have devastating consequences to the foetus and newborn. This study was conducted in a high-risk prenatal care outpatient clinic of a university teaching hospital. Pregnant women screened for specific IgM and IgG anti -T. gondii, attended from January 2009 to August 2018 were included. From 530 suspected patients, 218 were followed up and they presented positive IgM and IgG anti- T. gondii. From these patients, 83 (38.0%) had low IgG avidity, 39 (18%) seroconverted in the second or third trimester of pregnancy, 19 (8.7%) had no avidity test, 69 (31.6%) had high IgG avidity after 16 weeks of gestation, five had recurrent chorioretinitis (2.2%) and three (1.3%) were seropositive to HIV. Complementary diagnoses were made in 30/48 (62.5%) of the patients revealing the presence of specific IgA antibodies raised to T. gondii; 3/63 (4.8%) peripheral blood samples and 1/57 (1.8%) amniotic fluid sample. There were eight foetal deaths, one case of neonatal hepatomegaly and one case of T. gondii DNA detected in a peripheral blood sample. Of the 139 newborn deliveries at the teaching hospital, there was a 38% loss of follow-up. The prevalence of congenital toxoplasmosis was 1.2 cases/1,000 live births in this study area, according to the retrospective survey of cases. Prenatal treatment may have helped to reduce the risk of vertical transmission.

Prevalência e fatores relacionados a sintomas depressivos em pessoas com Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 / Prevalence of and factors related to depressive symptoms in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus

O objetivo do estudo foi identificar a prevalência e os fatores relacionados a sintomas depressivos em pessoas com Diabetes mellitus tipo 2 (DM2). Estudo transversal realizado com 104 pessoas com DM2, utilizando questionário com características sociodemográficas e clínicas e o Inventário de Depressão de Beck. Realizou-se análise descritiva e de correlação entre sintomas depressivos e as variáveis de interesse, com uso dos testes Spearman e Kruskal-Wallis. Dentre os participantes, 25% (n=26) manifestavam sintomas depressivos, sendo estes mais frequentes entre idosos, com mais de cinco anos de diagnóstico e que estavam com sobrepeso. Conclui-se pela necessidade de rastreamento e identificação precoce de sintomas depressivos em indivíduos com DM2, em especial nos idosos, com maior tempo de diagnóstico e com alteração do estado nutricional. Nestes casos, são bem-vindas intervenções profissionais pautadas em ações de promoção da saúde, qualidade de vida e prevenção de complicações relacionadas à combinação destas condições crônicas.

The objective of the study was to identify the prevalence of and factors related to depressive symptoms in people with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). A cross-sectional study was conducted with 104 people with T2DM, using a questionnaire with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics and the Beck Depression Inventory. A descriptive and correlation analysis between depressive symptoms and the variables of interest was performed using the Spearman and Kruskal-Wallis tests. Among the participants, 25% (n=26) had depressive symptoms, which were more frequent among those who were elderly, had a time of diagnosis of over five years and were overweight. It was concluded that there is a need for screening and early identification of depressive symptoms in individuals with T2DM, especially in the elderly, individuals with longer diagnosis time and who are overweight. In these cases, professional interventions based on actions to promote health, quality of life and prevention of complications related to the combination of these chronic conditions are encouraged.